此頁面上的信息以 WBSC 的官方語言英語和西班牙語。

What is Doping?

Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs)

Doping is not just a positive test showing the presence of a prohibited substance in an athlete’s urine sample. Doping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the following 11 Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs):

  1. Presence of a prohibited substance, its metabolites or markers in an athlete’s sample;
  2. Use or attempted use of a prohibited substance or method by an athlete;
  3. Refusing, evading, or failing to submit to sample collection by an athlete;
  4. Failure to file whereabouts information and/or missed tests by an athlete;
  5. Tampering or attempted tampering with the doping control process by an athlete or other person;
  6. Possession of a prohibited substance or method by an athlete or athlete support personnel;
  7. Trafficking or attempted trafficking of a prohibited substance or method to an athlete;
  8. Administering or attempting to administer a prohibited substance or method of an athlete;
  9. Complicity or attempted complicity in an ADRV by an athlete or other person;
  10. Prohibited association by an athlete or other person with a sanctioned athlete support personnel;
  11. Acts to discourage or retaliate against reporting to authorities.

Why is doping in sport prohibited?

The use of doping substances or doping methods to enhance performance is fundamentally wrong and is detrimental to the overall spirit of sport. Drug misuse can be harmful to an athlete’s health and to other athletes competing in the sport. It severely damages the integrity, image and value of sport, whether or not the motivation to use drugs is to improve performance. To achieve integrity and fairness in sport, a commitment to clean sport is critical.

What does ‘Strict Liability’ mean?

The principle of strict liability applies to all athletes who compete in any sport with an anti-doping programme. It means that athletes are responsible for any prohibited substance, or its metabolites or markers found to be present in their urine and/or blood sample collected during doping control, regardless of whether the athlete intentionally or unintentionally used a prohibited substance or method. Therefore, it is important to remember that it is each and every athlete’s ultimate responsibility to know what enters their body.

The rule which provides that principle, under Code art. 2.1 and art. 2.2, states that it is not necessary that intent, fault, negligence, or knowing use on the athlete’s part be demonstrated by the Anti-Doping Organization to establish an Anti-Doping Rule Violation.